The Handy 1 was developed in 1987 by Mike Topping to assist an 11 year old boy with cerebral palsy to eat unaided. The system is the most successful low-cost, commercially available robotic system in the world today [10] capable of assisting the most severely disabled with several everyday functions such as eating, drinking, washing, teeth cleaning, shaving and makeup application. This paper will chart the development of the system, give an overview of some individual Handy 1 studies and will also look at the development of the RAIL (Robotic Aid to Independent Living) system funded by the European Commission BIOMED II program.
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Topping, Mike, Journal of Intelligent and Robotic Systems, 34(3), 253-263, DOI: 10.1023/A:1016355418817
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